` tags around the output of given variable. Similar to debug().
     *
     * This function returns the same variable that was passed.
     *
     * @param mixed $var Variable to print out.
     * @return mixed the same $var that was passed to this function
     * @link https://book.cakephp.org/5/en/core-libraries/global-constants-and-functions.html#pr
     * @see debug()
     */
    function pr(mixed $var): mixed
    {
        if (!Configure::read('debug')) {
            return $var;
        }

        $template = PHP_SAPI !== 'cli' && PHP_SAPI !== 'phpdbg' ? '
%s
' : "\n%s\n\n";
        printf($template, trim(print_r($var, true)));

        return $var;
    }
}

if (!function_exists('Cake\Core\pj')) {
    /**
     * JSON pretty print convenience function.
     *
     * In terminals this will act similar to using json_encode() with JSON_PRETTY_PRINT directly, when not run on CLI
     * will also wrap `
` tags around the output of given variable. Similar to pr().
     *
     * This function returns the same variable that was passed.
     *
     * @param mixed $var Variable to print out.
     * @return mixed the same $var that was passed to this function
     * @see pr()
     * @link https://book.cakephp.org/5/en/core-libraries/global-constants-and-functions.html#pj
     */
    function pj(mixed $var): mixed
    {
        if (!Configure::read('debug')) {
            return $var;
        }

        $template = PHP_SAPI !== 'cli' && PHP_SAPI !== 'phpdbg' ? '
%s
' : "\n%s\n\n";
        $flags = JSON_PRETTY_PRINT | JSON_UNESCAPED_UNICODE | JSON_UNESCAPED_SLASHES;
        printf($template, trim((string)json_encode($var, $flags)));

        return $var;
    }
}

if (!function_exists('Cake\Core\env')) {
    /**
     * Gets an environment variable from available sources, and provides emulation
     * for unsupported or inconsistent environment variables (i.e. DOCUMENT_ROOT on
     * IIS, or SCRIPT_NAME in CGI mode). Also exposes some additional custom
     * environment information.
     *
     * @param string $key Environment variable name.
     * @param string|bool|null $default Specify a default value in case the environment variable is not defined.
     * @return string|float|int|bool|null Environment variable setting.
     * @link https://book.cakephp.org/5/en/core-libraries/global-constants-and-functions.html#env
     */
    function env(string $key, string|float|int|bool|null $default = null): string|float|int|bool|null
    {
        if ($key === 'HTTPS') {
            if (isset($_SERVER['HTTPS'])) {
                return !empty($_SERVER['HTTPS']) && $_SERVER['HTTPS'] !== 'off';
            }

            return str_starts_with((string)env('SCRIPT_URI'), 'https://');
        }

        if ($key === 'SCRIPT_NAME' && env('CGI_MODE') && isset($_ENV['SCRIPT_URL'])) {
            $key = 'SCRIPT_URL';
        }

        $val = $_SERVER[$key] ?? $_ENV[$key] ?? null;
        assert($val === null || is_scalar($val));
        if ($val == null && getenv($key) !== false) {
            $val = (string)getenv($key);
        }

        if ($key === 'REMOTE_ADDR' && $val === env('SERVER_ADDR')) {
            $addr = env('HTTP_PC_REMOTE_ADDR');
            if ($addr !== null) {
                $val = $addr;
            }
        }

        if ($val !== null) {
            return $val;
        }

        switch ($key) {
            case 'DOCUMENT_ROOT':
                $name = (string)env('SCRIPT_NAME');
                $filename = (string)env('SCRIPT_FILENAME');
                $offset = 0;
                if (!str_ends_with($name, '.php')) {
                    $offset = 4;
                }

                return substr($filename, 0, -(strlen($name) + $offset));
            case 'PHP_SELF':
                return str_replace((string)env('DOCUMENT_ROOT'), '', (string)env('SCRIPT_FILENAME'));
            case 'CGI_MODE':
                return PHP_SAPI === 'cgi';
        }

        return $default;
    }
}

if (!function_exists('Cake\Core\triggerWarning')) {
    /**
     * Triggers an E_USER_WARNING.
     *
     * @param string $message The warning message.
     * @return void
     */
    function triggerWarning(string $message): void
    {
        trigger_error($message, E_USER_WARNING);
    }
}

if (!function_exists('Cake\Core\deprecationWarning')) {
    /**
     * Helper method for outputting deprecation warnings
     *
     * @param string $version The version that added this deprecation warning.
     * @param string $message The message to output as a deprecation warning.
     * @param int $stackFrame The stack frame to include in the error. Defaults to 1
     *   as that should point to application/plugin code.
     * @return void
     */
    function deprecationWarning(string $version, string $message, int $stackFrame = 1): void
    {
        if (!(error_reporting() & E_USER_DEPRECATED)) {
            return;
        }

        $trace = debug_backtrace();
        if (isset($trace[$stackFrame])) {
            $frame = $trace[$stackFrame];
            $frame += ['file' => '[internal]', 'line' => '??'];

            // Assuming we're installed in vendor/cakephp/cakephp/src/Core/functions.php
            $root = dirname(__DIR__, 5);
            if (defined('ROOT')) {
                $root = ROOT;
            }
            $relative = str_replace(DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR, '/', substr($frame['file'], strlen($root) + 1));
            $patterns = (array)Configure::read('Error.ignoredDeprecationPaths');
            foreach ($patterns as $pattern) {
                $pattern = str_replace(DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR, '/', $pattern);
                if (fnmatch($pattern, $relative)) {
                    return;
                }
            }

            $message = sprintf(
                "Since %s: %s\n%s, line: %s\n" .
                'You can disable all deprecation warnings by setting `Error.errorLevel` to ' .
                '`E_ALL & ~E_USER_DEPRECATED`. Adding `%s` to `Error.ignoredDeprecationPaths` ' .
                'in your `config/app.php` config will mute deprecations from that file only.',
                $version,
                $message,
                $frame['file'],
                $frame['line'],
                $relative,
            );
        }

        static $errors = [];
        $checksum = hash('xxh128', $message);
        $duplicate = (bool)Configure::read('Error.allowDuplicateDeprecations', false);
        if (isset($errors[$checksum]) && !$duplicate) {
            return;
        }
        if (!$duplicate) {
            $errors[$checksum] = true;
        }

        trigger_error($message, E_USER_DEPRECATED);
    }
}

if (!function_exists('Cake\Core\toString')) {
    /**
     * Converts the given value to a string.
     *
     * This method attempts to convert the given value to a string.
     * If the value is already a string, it returns the value as it is.
     * ``null`` is returned if the conversion is not possible.
     *
     * @param mixed $value The value to be converted.
     * @return ?string Returns the string representation of the value, or null if the value is not a string.
     * @since 5.1.0
     */
    function toString(mixed $value): ?string
    {
        if (is_string($value)) {
            return $value;
        }
        if (is_int($value)) {
            return (string)$value;
        }
        if (is_bool($value)) {
            return $value ? '1' : '0';
        }
        if (is_float($value)) {
            if (is_nan($value) || is_infinite($value)) {
                return null;
            }
            try {
                $return = json_encode($value, JSON_THROW_ON_ERROR);
            } catch (JsonException) {
                $return = null;
            }

            if ($return === null || str_contains($return, 'e')) {
                return rtrim(sprintf('%.' . (PHP_FLOAT_DIG + 3) . 'F', $value), '.0');
            }

            return $return;
        }
        if ($value instanceof Stringable) {
            return (string)$value;
        }

        return null;
    }
}

if (!function_exists('Cake\Core\toInt')) {
    /**
     * Converts a value to an integer.
     *
     * This method attempts to convert the given value to an integer.
     * If the conversion is successful, it returns the value as an integer.
     * If the conversion fails, it returns NULL.
     *
     * String values are trimmed using trim().
     *
     * @param mixed $value The value to be converted to an integer.
     * @return int|null Returns the converted integer value or null if the conversion fails.
     * @since 5.1.0
     */
    function toInt(mixed $value): ?int
    {
        if (is_int($value)) {
            return $value;
        }
        if (is_string($value)) {
            $value = trim($value);
            if (preg_match('/^0+[^0]{1}/', $value)) {
                $value = ltrim($value, '0');
            }

            $value = filter_var($value, FILTER_VALIDATE_INT, FILTER_NULL_ON_FAILURE);

            return $value === PHP_INT_MIN ? null : $value;
        }
        if (is_float($value)) {
            if (is_nan($value) || is_infinite($value)) {
                return null;
            }

            return (int)$value;
        }
        if (is_bool($value)) {
            return (int)$value;
        }

        return null;
    }
}

if (!function_exists('Cake\Core\toFloat')) {
    /**
     * Converts a value to a float.
     *
     * This method attempts to convert the given value to a float.
     * If the conversion is successful, it returns the value as an float.
     * If the conversion fails, it returns NULL.
     *
     * String values are trimmed using trim().
     *
     * @param mixed $value The value to be converted to a float.
     * @return float|null Returns the converted float value or null if the conversion fails.
     * @since 5.1.0
     */
    function toFloat(mixed $value): ?float
    {
        if (is_string($value)) {
            $value = trim($value);
            if (preg_match('/^0+[^0]{1}/', $value)) {
                $value = ltrim($value, '0');
            }

            $value = filter_var($value, FILTER_VALIDATE_FLOAT, FILTER_NULL_ON_FAILURE);

            return $value === PHP_FLOAT_MIN ? null : $value;
        }
        if (is_float($value)) {
            if (is_nan($value) || is_infinite($value)) {
                return null;
            }

            return $value;
        }
        if (is_int($value)) {
            return (float)$value;
        }
        if (is_bool($value)) {
            return (float)$value;
        }

        return null;
    }
}

if (!function_exists('Cake\Core\toBool')) {
    /**
     * Converts a value to boolean.
     *
     *  1 | '1' | 1.0 | true  - values returns as true
     *  0 | '0' | 0.0 | false - values returns as false
     *  Other values returns as null.
     *
     * @param mixed $value The value to convert to boolean.
     * @return bool|null Returns true if the value is truthy, false if it's falsy, or NULL otherwise.
     * @since 5.1.0
     */
    function toBool(mixed $value): ?bool
    {
        if (in_array($value, ['1', 1, 1.0, true], true)) {
            return true;
        }
        if (in_array($value, ['0', 0, 0.0, false], true)) {
            return false;
        }

        return null;
    }
}